What is an industrial microwave
The nature of the use of microwave characteristics applied to the industry, and made ​​of the equipment used in industrial production line , this device is called industrial microwave oven or industrial microwave equipment .
First, what is the microwave
Microwave is the frequency of 300MHz-300GHz electromagnetic waves , radio waves are short in a limited frequency band , ie a wavelength of 1 meter ( excluding 1 m ) to 1 mm between the electromagnetic wave is decimeter , centimeter wave , millimeter collectively. Microwave frequencies than radio waves of high frequency, often referred to as " ultra-high frequency electromagnetic waves ." As an electromagnetic microwave also has wave-particle duality . Microwave quantum energy of 1.99 × l0-25 ~ 1.99 × 10-22j.
Second, the main use of which the nature of the microwave
1, the microwave heating
300 MHz is the frequency in the microwave to 300 GHz radio wave , the heating medium water molecules in the material is a polar molecule . It 's high point in a rapidly changing magnetic field , its polarity orientation will increase as the external electric field changes. Caused by the movement of molecules show mutual friction effects , then microwave field can be converted into medium heat , so that the material temperature , resulting in heating and puffing and a series of physical and chemical processes to achieve the microwave heating and drying purposes.
2, the microwave sterilization
Microwave sterilization is the use of thermal effects of electromagnetic fields and biological effects of the combined effect results. Microwave heating effect on bacteria is to make changes in the protein , the bacteria lose nutrition, breeding and living conditions and death. Bacterial biological effects of microwave electric field to change the microwave section of the membrane potential distribution around the electron and ion concentration cell , thereby changing the permeability of the cell membrane of bacteria so malnutrition, not the normal metabolism , cell structure dysfunction , growth was inhibited and death. In addition , the microwave can make bacterial genetic breeding normal growth and stable nucleic acid [RNA] and DNA [DNA], is composed of several hydrogen relaxation , fracture and restructuring , and induce genetic mutations , chromosomal aberrations or even rupture .
3, the microwave extraction
The use of microwave energy to increase the extraction rate of a newly developed new technologies. It is the principle of the microwave field , the microwave absorption capacity makes the difference of the matrix material in certain areas or certain components of the extraction system are selectively heated , so that the material was extracted from the matrix or the system is separated into the dielectric dielectric constant is small, relatively poor absorption of microwave extraction agent ; microwave extraction with simple equipment for a wide range of high extraction efficiency , good reproducibility , save time, save reagents, less pollution . At present, except mainly for environmental sample pretreatment , but also for biochemistry, food, industrial analysis and extraction of natural products and other fields. In China, herbal extracts microwave extraction technology for the study reported in this area is still relatively small .
The mechanism of microwave extraction from the following three aspects to analyze :
① frequency electromagnetic microwave radiation penetrates extraction process
Take the media to reach the material inside the cell microtubules and glandular systems of the process. Due to the absorption of microwave energy , the temperature inside the cell will increase rapidly , so that the internal pressure exceeds the cell wall to the capacity expansion , the result cell rupture , the active ingredients which flow freely , and at a lower temperature was dissolved in extraction medium . By further filtration and separation , to obtain the desired extract.
② the electromagnetic field generated by the microwave can accelerate the molecular components are extracted from the solid liquid interface internally to the rate of diffusion . For example , with water as solvent , under the action of the microwave field , the water molecules by the high speed rotation state to the excited state , which is a high energy unstable state. At this point the water vapor molecules or to enhance the driving force of the extracted components , or release their excess energy to the ground state , the energy released will be passed to other molecules of the substance to accelerate their thermal motion , thereby reducing the extracted components internal diffusion of molecules from the solid to solid-liquid interface of the time , resulting in extraction rate increased several times , and can reduce the extraction temperature , the maximum guarantee of quality extracts .
③ As the microwave frequency and the frequency of rotation associated molecules , therefore the microwave energy is a dipole by an ion migration and molecular motion caused by the rotation of the non- ionized radiation , when it acts on the molecule , the molecule can promote the rotation of sports, if the molecule has a certain polarity , to the action of the microwave field produce instantaneous polarization , and 2.45 billion times / sec for the polarity inversion motion , resulting keys vibrations between particles tear and friction and collisions, and quickly generate a lot of heat, promote cell rupture , the cell fluid overflow and spread to the solvent. In the microwave extraction , the absorption of microwave differences in the ability of certain substances can make the base areas or certain components of the extraction system are selectively heated , so that the material was extracted from the matrix or the system is separated into a smaller dielectric dielectric constant , the relatively poor absorption of microwave extraction solvent .

 

 

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